Pet Hoarders: How many cats are too many? | Dr. Justine Lee
Do I really need to answer this question? (And yes, I realize this blog will piss off people who own more than 6 cats!)
Unfortunately, I do.
Years ago, I had two women who brought in their cat into the emergency room at University of Pennsylvania. Both women reeked so badly of cat urine, I couldn’t even close the exam door due to my eyes burning from the ammonia smell. When I asked these women some questions about the cat’s environment, they couldn’t answer how many cats they had (I asked, “10? 20? 60? 100?”). Their reply? “Over 100.” These two women, who were cat hoarders, didn’t notice that their cat was ill until it was on death’s door, since they had so many in their “environment.” This cat was severely dehydrated, emaciated, and had a body condition score of 1 out of 9 (See Purina’s body scoring system that we veterinarians use to evaluate weight). This cat weighed just under 5 pounds (instead of 9), and was so comatosed it couldn’t even lift its head (It ultimately died despite several days of hospitalization and life-saving care).
So, can you imagine having so many cats that it prevents you from adequately being able to care for your pets?
You may hear of the occasional crazy “hoarder” revealed on the news – people with underlying mental disorders that live with a hundred cats hidden in their house (and hopefully nowhere near your neighborhood). Sadly for the cats, the m.o. of your cat lovin’, urine-smelling, disheveled animal hoarder is quite sad. Most hoarders are unmarried and live alone (and you thought it was hard to find a date with just two cats…). Hoarders also come in all different socioeconomic backgrounds and typically are over sixty years of age. To top it off, over three-fourths of hoarders are females, once again giving the single, white female a bad rep. Some more scary numbers?
- In 69% percent of hoarding cases, animal urine and feces was found accumulated in living areas.
- More than one in four (> 25%) of hoarders’ beds are soiled with animal feces.
- 80% of reported cases had dead or sick animals present in the house.
- 60% of hoarders didn’t acknowledge that they had dead or sick animals in the house.
- Over 65% of hoarding cases involve cats (although some also hoard small dogs and rabbits).
While most hoarders don’t read my blog, my general advice to any cat owner is this: I usually recommend no more than four to five cats total. Sometimes I offend my fellow veterinarians, veterinary technicians, and friends when I tell them my cut-off for crazy is six cats. After that, I think it’s medically unhealthy.
If this pisses you off, I’m sorry, but I’m looking out for the welfare of the cats and dogs here. Try finding a veterinarian who has that many – it’s rare, because we know how having this many cats can result in severe behavioral problems. Of course, if you ask ten different vets, you may get ten different answers. That said, until those nine other vets write an opinionated blog about it, I still recommend no more than four or five cats per household.
So what’s the problem with having so many cats? Animal behavior specialists often see more problems in multicat households. Having too many cats may result in urination problems (e.g., not in the litter box!), intercat fighting and attacking, and difficulty in monitoring general health. For example, checking the litter box to see if one cat has a urinary tract infection is more difficult when you have six cats.
So how many cats should you get? I have to say that I initially enjoyed having a one cat household; that is, until I experienced a two-cat household. Now I’m a firm believer in having two cats together. Seamus, my 17-year old, grey and white tabby, was more friendly and affectionate to humans (more to the point, me!) as an only child. When I adopted Lily, a now-9-year-old, female, overweight tabby cat, I had less “loving” from Seamus… he wanted to spend all his time playing with Lily instead. Echo and Lily played together (constantly), slept together, wrestled together, and loved each other up. Since Seamus and LIly befriended each other, I was officially demoted to the source of food and to litter box duty. Seamus’ quality of life, social skills, and exercise level definitely improved while he had Lily in his life. After seeing this, I do firmly believe that cats do benefit from having a companion to play with. Note, a companion or two (not six or one hundred).
I’ve been fortunate to have cats that get a long (despite the first few tumultuous days of hissing and cat introductions). For that reason, yes, I support having a few feline friends together.
Do you have any long-term cat companions who hate each other? What behavioral problems have you noticed?
References:
1. Kuehn BM. Animal Hoarding: A Public Health Problem Veterinarians Can Take a Lead Role in Solving. Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association 2002:221,8:1087-1089.
2. Patronek GJ. Hoarding of Animals: An Under-recognized Public Health Problem in a Difficult-to-Study Population. Public Health Reports 1999;114,1:81-87.
As previously published on www.PetHealthNetwork.com.
I need help!!! My friend is a cat hoarder. I want to ‘intervene’, but before I do, I need the name of a good physchiatrist who deals with hoarding in the Deptford NJ area. PLEASE!!! I’m at my wit’s end.
She has 30 cats at her house & just bought another house with a barn. The cats were to be moved there. They never were. She just filled that house up with more cats
Please help me!!
Oh no – I’m so sorry to hear this. You are such a good friend to help and intervene. I wish I had some resources for you but I don’t at this time. Let me contact some people and email you directly.
We have 7 cats and I’m tired of people judging me because of it. Our perfect number was three but over the years we got involved in cat rescue and soon realized there are not enough homes for all the ones who need them. We have found homes for many cats, but the ones we couldn’t we kept. My husband and I have good jobs, no kids, our house is clean, and our cats are healthy and well cared for. If I could rehome some of them I would but I refuse to kick a cat out or take it to be euthanized if I know I have the resources and room for it. Instead of shaming the people who are taking in these animals we should be shaming the people who don’t fix their cats and allow the over-population to continue.
You’re doing great, cat momma! It sounds like you’re providing an excellent environment for them, and I think that’s fantastic. Thank you for rescuing those cats and rehoming those you could. I think the most important thing is that as long as the environment is good for them (and it sounds like it is), there’s no inner-cat aggression, they are kept healthy, there’s environmental enrichment, and they are safe, you’re doing great.
Phew! This made me feel better.
I have four of my own kitties, and now two fosters (which won’t be going anywhere until a suitable home is found).
I’m so worried that I was borderline with the hoarding.
I’m in the process of building a giant cat enclosure in my yard, and they all have enough stimulation.
I have a few that ‘crank’ at each other, but physical aggression rarely happens (those two were my first cats).
Thank you, Lisa, and Justine.
Needed to read this today!
Do not let an opinion define who you are!!! I have 9 rescues currently, and I am no hoarder at all.
I just adopted 2 adult rescues. I have 4 at home already (2 pairs of siblings I rescued as kittens that 3 and 1 my new adults both are 2) we also have a 9 year old (cat seasoned veteran) pitbull and a 18 month old daughter. My brother game me alot of flack calling me a hoarder but we also have a very cat friendly home and our cats are by far the most friendliest healthiest loving cats I have ever met and that is with strangers as well. They are all inside cats as we have big dogs that live next door. We have a room we turned into a cat room for them all with lots of room to roam. Aside from some hissing, everything is going very good but we are seeing more progress each day. I appreciate your opinion and absolutely hate the stench of cat urine and feces and keep our litter boxes cleaned daily.. while sweeping and mopping out the rooms every other day and vacuuming almost daily. Nails are kept short, all cats are given attention and well looked after and the bond they form amongst each other is fascinating. Our shelter that we adopt from know our home situation and have rescued all of our kitties from them and I’m certain that they would never adopt out more cats to us if they sensed we were not doing a good job at caring for the ones we have. Our cet records are up to date and impeccable and I’m also a stay at home mom during the week so there is almost always someone home to monitor their behavior and well being. While I know we cannot adopt any more until we move into our forever dream home ( we own a 3 bedroom ranch with additions on the back and are looking to buy a 4-5 bedroom home with a few acres as we would like to start a farm one day and will be designing and building a cat patio or enclosure outdoors and a sanctuary room to foster kittens and other cats.) It has been our dream to start our home shelter/ rescue for animals. I understand the criticism of one having more than 5 cats, but those that know me know I provide a great home to my kitties while only being mildly crazy (a joke)
You are doing amazing – thank you SO MUCH for providing such an amazing home from them. Keep on keeping on. 🙂
I am so glad to read these comments. I had two cats a boy and girl, they where 20 years old and girl had passed and I was close to her, my step daughter moved out and took the boy with her. So I went through kitty with drawl and after grieving decided to get a kitten. I found a lady that had kittens. I wanted a girl cat and she had two so my husband talked me into getting them both and i am glad i did. They are very close to each other. We have a big house and plenty of room. However A year later we found a stay male cat on our deck. i tried to find him a home and wasn’t able to, it ended up getting cold out and i took him in and he is now a happy lap cat and i don’t know what i would do with out him. However now another year latter i just found two sm kittens that wondered on my deck. They are tiny so of course i am feeding them. I have called every shelter more then a few times no one has room for them. I debate on keeping them but that would make (5) cats omg am i crazy yet. I am thinking i need to drawl the line some where. My house is very clean, the cat litters are always clean and they have a whole bonus room to them selves as my step kids are grown and i only have a 14 year old. So the cats also get a lot of attention . But i don’t know if my husband will be ok with me keeping these kittens and i am like ok i found two, its been two weeks now what if more come. Its really sad the shelters are so over populated. Any advice would be greatly appreciated
I would try to find homes among friends and family! And get them neutered or spayed ASAP!
I agreed with the checking first before condemnation but then you just found someone else to blame. ?
It’s ironic, I’m as judgmental on people who have 5 kids, as they are when they learn I have 6 cats (we only have 1 kid). I think each household is going to be different. We only adopt males, and prefer black cats (knowing they have a harder time finding a home). All 6 get along perfectly (only 2 of them are brothers), and there is little to no aggression in the house. Do we have to divide our time between them? Absolutely but no different than if you have 3 kids. And I stumbled upon this page, because we are considering adopting another black cat. 🙂
i LOVE black cats – that’s what I have now. 🙂 Thanks for adopting these guys.
Thank you for this blog. I’m single and live alone with my three cats. I’ve been feeding and socializing a feral boy for several months while trying to find him a home or get the local rescue to help me, with no luck. I just brought him inside this weekend, since we’ve had bad weather. I’ve fostered a couple of cats before, for about four months each.
The problem is that I adore him, and my neighbors all agree he considers me his human. He runs to meet me and could spend an hour on my lap if I let him. Even my family, who think three cats is a lot, were sort of shocked when I said I was still trying to find him a home. I really want to keep him.
My cats are very much cared for, well fed and very much loved, but I always thought three was the cut-off for “too many.” Even when I struggle to clean up after myself, I keep their litter boxes and dishes clean, clean up any of their messes and put them first.
It’s good to see that I won’t be quite into cat lady territory yet if the fourth kitty ends up being a foster failure. I still worry he’d be better off with a home of his own, but I love him as much as my three perma-cats and I’m not sure I’ll be able to give him up. Thank you for this reassuring post.
Of course – it sounds like you are providing an amazing home for them, so 4 is ok in my eyes. 🙂
My husband read this and sent it to me. We have 3 inside cats. One old lady and 2 young boys. She doesn’t like the boys very much. She tolerates them. My question is this. We have noticed a couple of strays hanging around. It’s bitter cold and snowy here right now. They are very skittish so I just put out food and , so far one shelter house. I noticed a third different cat this morning then he saw yet a fourth! He told me I’m over my cat lady limit because you said so. I said your limit shouldn’t include stray/ferals. What do you say?
Lol. I’m ok with it!
I currently have ten cats and one dog…all rescues and all spayed, neutered and with proper vaccinations. I do not want this many cats at all! I found homes for six kittens last year, and then just acquired a mother and her kitten, and no luck so far with homes for them. I have one that is 15, one that is 11, two that are ten, and the rest are younger than that. The dog I acquired last fall, running through traffic, matted and filthy.
I actually have bad dreams about this! Please, no more! I am 77 and worry about the person who is going to inherit my house having to make decisions for all these animals.
Hello, thank you for your blob and post! Thank you to all who have posted on your blog! I have 3 cats: 1st female tabby was rescued at 7 weeks old, she is now almost 3 years old and is the first cat in my house. The 2nd cat is a male black and white, he is about 2 years old and was also rescued at 7 weeks old, the 3rd cat is a female tuxedo and she was rescued at 6 months (TNR), but she purred so much while in the trap I knew she was super sweet. Well, she turned out to be a blessing because she and my male black and white are inseparable, They rough play together, chase each other, and just completely love each other. My 1st cat, the female orange tabby is like the grumpy cat and is definitely a loner and enjoys playing by herself! She doesn’t care about the other animals. There’s more: I have a female chihuahua who is 10 years old, she has a lot of spunk and now thinks she is a cat and I have a what I like to call a miniature black lab, did a DNA and he is mixed with miniature pincher. He is only 16 lbs, I figure God knew I couldn’t handle a big dog with all of the little ones running around. So…. that’s 5 pets, I sometimes think I’m a pet hoarder. My home is clean, they all have pet insurance and are updated on their immunizations. I do TNR in my neighborhood and currently is also taking care of a female calico on my back deck. She is the reason why I started feeding the cats in the first place. She was a kitten with her mom and sibling, my heart melted and I started feeling them six years ago. Once I saw that the colony consisted of six cats in the neighborhood I became responsible and learned how to TNR. Every feral I come across if I’m able to trap will get spayed or neutered. The reason why I am writing on your blog is my feral calico is super friendly to me and now wants to come inside. I love her dearly and she is the last of the original colony, if I take her in will I officially be an animal hoarder. I do understand that if I bring her in, she will need to be in quarantine for a few months, get her into the vet for vaccinations, and make sure she is healthy and disease free before introducing her to my existing pets. I just worry about her and want to protect her. Writing this lengthy message may make others think that I am a crazy cat lady. I would appreciate your thoughts. Thank you.
I have 4 cats and one dog in a 2 bedroom 3 level house. I have 2 litter boxes on each level and water bowls on each level. The cats all get along with each other and my dog. I would never keep more than 4 cats at a time for many of the reasons in the article.
Grew up close to an auntie working in rescue, with 5 dogs and an average of 20 cats in a beautiful old villa and a beast of a wild secured garden (really nice unless you needed to find a specific cat). Many were unadoptable. But she had help, family and rescue volunteers coming several times a week.
I always wanted us to have 6 cats but due to circumstances, we ended up with 7. It doesn’t quite work out, as the one we took in to be the playmate of #6 (he’s younger and kept troubling the others, even bullying the sick one) isn’t happy with the situation. We even moved to a bigger house partly because of them and now plan to let the the younger ones be outside cats as this is a village now – but I’m scared, just the other day we saw a run over young kitten.
Rehoming them failed. No one wants a cat that can bite and tear you up without a notice. We suspect he was kicked or beaten before, he spent 3+ weeks in hiding when we got him and the poor frightened boy’s first contact with me was biting my hand and stare at me. Or one who poos and pees into your bed or anywhere else really. Even when explaining that it would likely go better in a new home. And everyone wants kittens or fancy looking cats. The rescue we had her from said she likely wouldn’t be adopted again and spend the rest of her life in the shelter. That’s not going to happen. She’s my baby, she sleeps with me often and we just can’t abandon her like that.
It got a little better since we moved – double the house size and two balconies already cat-secured. Once we are done with renovations and they’ll have a cat flap to the hopefully soon secured garden it might all normalize.
The worst annoyance for me is when people try guilt tripping us into taking more cats, especially now that the house is so much bigger and we have a big garden etc pp. “Take a few more, what’s the difference?” Uh, food, litter, vet costs? Good places to put the litter boxes? Time to clean after them and keep their vet appointments? Noticing when they are sick? We already have older, sicker cats which require medication and litter box patrols. In case any of the readers is one of those “take one more” people please stop doing that, find someone without so many cats to rehome yours. It adds to the hoarder problem because some of those people just can’t say no and then are afraid to admit what they consider failure.
Once we’ve settled in and if it all happens to work out we might add one more cat just to be able to say we have an infinite number of cats so can’t add any more. #8 – turn sideways, infinity symbol! But that cat would have to be a perfect fit for what we already have, which is difficult so we will probably just let a rescue relocate some outside cats to our garden for us to feed and monitor. Or a cat will just find us again.
Hello, My boyfriend found this post and freaked out saying im over the crazy cat limit lol. So now im slightly worried. I have 5 cats currently 3 that have been with us for years. 1 female (Calico age 8) and two orange tabby brothers (Age 4.) About 8 months ago we moved and found a black and white kitten kept coming to our door and desperately scratching to get in. Since it has been so deathly cold out lately I relented and let her in. She quickly navigated the home and settled herself right in the middle of my bed (Very odd behavior I would think for a stay cat.) So I called up my landlord. Turns out the old tenant had 4 cats and this little one matched one of the discriptions. Shes been here ever since. (Renamed her Eclipse.) The 5 is a 4 week old kitten who is left out of a barn litter where i keep my horse. I kept her because the poor little thing lost her tail and 4 toes to frost bite before she was found. So I guess the real question is is there too many? We live in a one bedroom duplex with two floors, and none of the 4 cats have been fighting, there is a cat tree in everyroom (Save for the kitchen) and a litter box per cat.
There definitely is something as TOO many, but it sounds like you guys are caring fore them well – I would recommend one more litter box or even an automatic litter box like Litter Robot. As long as they get along, they are healthy, they are getting preventative care at your veterinarian, sounds like they are in good hands! I’d try to avoid anymore though… 🙂
okay so I live with my grandma and grandpa they have about 30+ cats and a few kittens I have told my grandma its a health risk because they poop and pee every where. my grandma gets mad every time I mention it to her I don’t know what to do.
so I’m not sure if the other posted so I’m putting it up again.
I live with my grand parents who have 30+ cats and a few kittens I have told them that its a health risk but my grandma gets mad when I mention it to her. I don’t know what to do.
I’m so sorry to hear that. The safety and best thing anyone can ever do in this situation is to call Animal Control, as they have the resources to help both the animals and the person. Best of luck.
I live in apartment house my neighbor upstairs has so many cats outside he takes care of them feed them and gives him homes but they’re overwhelmed I do is smell cat urine cat poop it’s so bad they’re on my porch running my stuff he’s probably got about 30 or 40 cats can’t even walk out the backyard without stepping on poop the urinating all of my grill cover and his dad told him he had to get rid of them he would not do it don’t know if my landlord do it
I have cat problem 🙁 I live near a welcoming center where mean people drop animals off all the time. I’ve lived here just over five years and I had one dog when I moved here… i have three dogs now and that’s because i can find them homes usually but the cats are a problem 🙁 I’ve fixed 20+ cats since I moved here. I’m in the woods so they disappear pretty regularly I think they get killed by the wildlife. I work for FEMA and I have been gone for months because of the flooding my best friend was taking care of my house and my animals for me but he hasn’t been fixing any cats just dumping food and leaving but now it’s a problem I had six cats when I left who are all fixed now I’ve got 22 and I’m overwhelmed I’ve only been home for four days and I have been calling every place possible to try to get homes for these but no one will take them even the shelters are saying they are too full but I don’t know what to do… it’s a major problem here now I’m so overwhelmed. Help!!!
I’m so sorry to hear that you’re overwhelmed – it’s a lot to take on and I would recommend working directly with a humane society or rescue.
I have an alcoholic brother who now has five cats and takes care of the neighbor’s strays when they come around.
His ex wife keeps taking in stray cats in Ohio, and then when she comes to see my brother, she brings him more cats.
He won’t say no to her.
His cats do not look healthy, the litter boxes are chucked full of feces and you can smell urine from outside on the front porch of his apartment.
I did contact his landlord and not sure what will happen next.
My brother is a loner, prefers not being around people and things he can rescue every cat that he thinks needs his help.
He lives in a dump, landlord barely takes care of the place.
My brother can barely walk and has brain issues from a motorcycle accident from years ago and the heavy scotch drinking has added to him not being able to balance himself and he falls alot.
He manages to keep a job, but relies on others due to losing his drivers license from several duis.
I do not feel it is a good environment for the cats.
Not sure what else to do.
I will wait and see what his landlord does or does not do.
My brother now thinks he can buy the house kick out the other tenants so that he can do whatever he pleases.
He is not mentally stable in my opinion.
I’m so sorry to hear that. I would recommend calling animal control as they have the resources to help him and the cats.
I have five cats. Two boys. Three girls. They’re all younger cats — all teenage cats. They get along for the most part, but I have noticed that when they don’t get along it’s the two boys picking on the girls. Hunting them. One of the girls makes a yowling pissed off sound, so I know she isn’t having a grand time. The other girl gets chased into hiding. I work a 8-5 job, so I break up the fights when I can, but I’m not home most of the day and don’t want them fighting like that. They’re all fix, no medical issues, and I happen to think it’s just because they’re boys being boys, but is there a way to fix this? Does it even need to be fixed?
Thanks for any help or advice!
There’s definitely things you can do to improve this! A Feliway diffuser, calming collars, supplements, and prescription medications. I would talk to your veterinarian about this!
I’m not sure what to do! I’ve been feeding a stray boy, he has been coming and going.. but since I got a new kitten to call my own (another male, to be neutered end of the week) now the little stray has started to hang around more so! I’m still feeding him when he comes.. But new kitty has cottoned on to him! Can I introduce them to each other? To the point How!! ? Would so appreciate your help, I feel I’ve got in a pickle with them both & feeling guilty for lil stray boy
My friend and her mother have 16 cats and they live in a tiny apartment! I told her that’s way too many but she justifies it because the cats are indoor/outdoor. My mother told me to report them to the local SPCA but I don’t have the heart to do it since the few of the cats I have seen appear fine and healthy. But I do know they do not take the cats to the vet regularly and some bully the others, according to my friend. I’m so torn on what to do because she’s also allergic to cats but she and her mom are animal lovers and refuse to get rid of the cats. If you have any advice I would greatly appreciate it.
The SPCA doesn’t necessarily “get them in trouble” but makes sure that they are well taken care of!